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仓库管理系统

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拥有一个组织良好的公司仓库并保持这种状态看似简单；然而，这可能变成一项非常繁琐的任务，特别是对于接收大量商品和多个订单的大型公司而言。仓库内执行着许多流程，例如收货活动、编码、拣货、调度以及在仓库内开展的许多其他活动。

幸运的是，仓库管理系统可以帮助公司避免仓库复杂化，或助力想要扩大规模或进军电子商务的企业。

什么是仓库管理系统？

仓库管理系统（WMS）是一种工具，可帮助公司以自动化、盈利的方式协调和优化仓库的日常变动和运营，同时实现设定的目标。

仓库管理系统收集并同步关于每种产品在公司内的什么、多少以及位于何处的信息，有助于简化公司供应链运营的管理，从仓库中心到商店货架。

总体而言，WMS 能够以更透明、更实时的可见性，实现对仓库功能更好的控制和工作流管理。

这种信息流有助于决策，无论是预防材料或库存短缺，还是应对偶发事件或最后一刻的变更。

WMS 的范围涵盖了从首次材料和商品的入库与接收协调、将其存储在战略位置以实现更高的运输流动性、包装或出货选择，直到离开仓库进行交付和库存更换的时刻。这些同步的活动使仓库管理系统软件能够实时更好地了解仓库中正在进行的所有流程，并对其进行更强的控制。

该软件可用于制造业和大型零售店，特别是如果他们正在寻求增长并进军电子商务领域。如今网上购物正变得越来越普遍，这也是添加仓库管理系统可以显著帮助满足客户需求的另一个原因。

供应链管理可以成为仓库管理系统的关键工具。它帮助 WMS 规划最佳库存水平，根据产品流确定极佳的空间位置，并拥有最新的产品跟踪信息，以避免库存积压或缺货。

仓库管理系统的重要性

仓库不仅是存放货物的物理场所；公司需要控制库存，管理一切物品所在的区域，并记录每种材料或货物进出公司的过程。使用准时制（Just-in-Time）生产方法的企业可以从 WMS 中获得显著优势。

不仅是公司能从这些信息中受益。在当今世界，由于技术的使用，客户需求已经发生了变化，现在他们要求以更新的方式了解订单状态，查看订单位置，并获得预计到达时间。共享这些信息可以改善客户关系，建立更高的忠诚度。

仓库管理系统简化了仓库内的活动，例如：

Reception: Before, Warehouse Management was done by hand with paper and pencil or utilizing spreadsheets prone to errors and later processes. When receiving or sending merchandise in a warehouse, it must be validated and reconciled with purchase orders and receipts. With WMS software, the receipt, processing, and storage of articles these functions become a simple task. Material Requirements Planning Software enhances WMS by streamlining the arrival of new goods.
Coding: Item coding, as its name indicates, is a unique code assigned to a product for its identification, greatly facilitating the processes carried out in the warehouse. These codes, which are placed on labels, are generated by the Warehouse Management System and contain information such as the type of material, whether it can be dangerous and the care to be taken, expiration day, date of arrival at the warehouse, location within of the warehouse among other types of information. The most common types of tags are barcodes, QR, and RFID tags.

Inventory management: A Warehouse Management System accurately tracks inventory, even with orders in shipping transit. This software also offers visibility about the company’s location and the number of goods available. Hence, it helps companies prevent stock shortages according to demand, fulfill orders, and prevent production bottlenecks.
Packaging and shipping processes: A client’s order arriving on time begins with a good organization of the departure from a company’s dock, good packaging so that the product comes without damage, and supervising the transit to the correct destination. A WMS helps speed up these functions by processing shipping information, packaging, and invoices and assisting with logistics and transportation.
Use of personnel: A Warehouse Management System helps plan the activities of workers within the warehouse so that they can be more efficient and save time, effort, and money in these processes. With a WMS, you can also improve the response time of the workforce in case of last-minute changes, priorities, and any sporadic event.

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仓库管理系统的优势

寻求或正在经历增长的公司应该考虑拥有 WMS，原因有很多。如果您拥有仓库管理系统，管理更大规模的库存以及增加的订单和交付任务将变得简单，此外还有其他显著优势，其中包括：

Reduces costs and waste: A Warehouse Management System software analyzes which are the strategic places; it can optimize time by placing the stock in the ideal location, such as the most used goods in more accessible areas to make a smoother journey, helping to operate more efficiently and with less use of labor, reducing costs. It can also help to more accurately identify which items need to be sold or which must be withdrawn by expiration date, avoiding losses for the company. A good example is a supermarket or retail chain store that handles large storage volumes.
Greater transparency of inventory in real-time: A Warehouse Management System creates a transparent and user-friendly flow of information for a company to reduce assortment errors, streamline activities within the warehouse, and reduce operating costs. A WMS uses inventory reports, picks and moves tickets, invoices, and packing in an automated and updated way by processing it digitally. This information acquired by the software eliminates bulky handwritten sheets that are difficult to organize or tedious spreadsheets that only slow down supply chain processes by needing up-to-date visibility.
Good management of inventory documentation: Having a better record, whether using labeling, bar coding, or another method, a WMS allows the flow of information in real-time about the amount of material or goods that are in the warehouse; this makes it easier to locate them, know when it is time to order new material and not delay a purchase order or leave forgotten stock, making the company more efficient.
Fewer shipping errors: Tracking where a product is within the warehouse allows deliveries to be more organized, and therefore fewer mistakes are made when dispatching an order. Warehouse Management System can simplify the packaging, transport, and shipping processes and allows fewer customer returns.
Better use of space: A WMS analyzes how to use warehouse space to store more merchandise efficiently and organizationally. In addition to this, it can calculate the shortest destinations to reach the departure dock or shelf or make rules for precautions in where a product needs to be placed.
Productivity increase: Warehouse Management System creates a more organized environment with more competent time use. Inbound and Outbound logistics will be tasks efficiently managed with a WMS. This tool can create schedules with more precise data for the arrival of stock or the departure of orders with the necessary personnel. This planning improves work performance when it comes to managing deliveries, packing, searching for material within the warehouse, and seeing the amount of stock available to avoid shortages in production with the help of the unique codes.

A company that counts on a WMS can also adjust times in case of delays or changes in receiving goods or dispatching orders. The advanced Planning and Scheduling system can significantly assist with this task and other functions.
Increases client satisfaction: With the use of a Warehouse Management System, a company obtains more controlled and streamlined warehouse processes, which allows on-time or faster delivery of an order, a more effective response to uncertainties in case the buyer requests information about where your order comes from, creating happy customers and greater loyalty to the company, increasing its good prestige.

仓库管理系统的类型

仓库管理系统市场上有多种选择；了解每种选择将有助于公司根据其需求和增长选择理想的系统。最受欢迎的 WMS 解决方案包括：

Standalone: It is the most basic and accessible of the options since it has minimal features. It is a perfect option to manage the day-to-day warehouse operations of a small company that does not handle large volumes of stock. A Standalone WMS is an independent system that works inventory control and warehouse operations tasks. These two functions help improve the supply chain and keep processes in order.

In addition to being a rudimentary option, one of its disadvantages is that it can’t help in other logistics processes and hardly integrates with different types of software.
Integrated with ERP: Integrating a Warehouse Management System with Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) unifies your warehouse processes with the company’s other functions in a single interface. This unification allows for more streamlined logistics, and the information is coordinated with the rest of the company.

It is an excellent investment for growing companies looking for more centralized control of their operations. For example, if there is a delay from a supplier, a WMS integrated with ERP can plan how to solve the problem on the spot and be able to finish an order on time. This option is perfect for big businesses and Third Party Logistics companies (3PL) which want to expand.
Cloud-based WMS: As its name indicates, it is a WMS that works through an online service (SaaS). Its advantages are comprehensive management of storage processes and greater real-time information transparency and within reach on various types of devices.

Cloud-based WMS is a perfect option for small businesses or start-ups. This service is done through a provider that reduces implementation and installation costs; a company only pays a monthly fee. One of its most notable disadvantages is that there needs to be more data security and that if there are connection problems, the information won’t be available to the company.
Supply Chain Module: This kind of Warehouse Management System is perfect for small and medium-sized companies with multiple supply chains. It facilitates supplier management, vendor management, and transportation. In addition to fulfilling the basic tasks carried out daily in a warehouse, such as shipping, picking, and dispatching, it helps improve customer service.