{"id":104456,"date":"2026-10-20T17:47:49","date_gmt":"2026-10-20T17:47:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/skyplanner.ai\/?p=104456"},"modified":"2026-10-20T17:49:41","modified_gmt":"2026-10-20T17:49:41","slug":"ekonomik-uretim-miktari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/skyplanner.ai\/tr\/kaynaklar\/ekonomik-uretim-miktari\/","title":{"rendered":"Ekonomik \u00dcretim Miktar\u0131: Form\u00fcl, \u00d6rnek ve S\u0131n\u0131rlar"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n\n

Ekonomik \u00dcretim Miktar\u0131: Form\u00fcl, \u00d6rnek ve S\u0131n\u0131rlar<\/h1>\n\n
\n\n

Ana Sayfa<\/a> » Kaynaklar<\/a> » Ekonomik \u00dcretim Miktar\u0131: Form\u00fcl, \u00d6rnek ve S\u0131n\u0131rlar<\/p>\n\n\n

<\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/span>Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi: <\/span>9<\/span> dakika<\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n

\n\n

Ekonomik \u00fcretim miktar\u0131 (EPQ), talep devam ederken \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin kademeli olarak \u00fcretildi\u011fi bir modelde, haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve stok bulundurma maliyetlerinin toplam\u0131n\u0131 en aza indiren parti miktar\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dcretim planlamada s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan \u015fu soruya yan\u0131t verir: \u00dcretimi durdurup yeniden haz\u0131rl\u0131k yapmadan \u00f6nce ne kadar \u00fcretmeliyiz?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck partiler, daha az haz\u0131rl\u0131k yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar ancak elde tutulan stok miktar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck partiler ise stoku azalt\u0131r, fakat haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n daha s\u0131k tekrarlanmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir. EPQ, ko\u015fullar\u0131n istikrarl\u0131 ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir oldu\u011fu durumlarda bu dengeyi say\u0131sal olarak ortaya koyar.<\/p>\n\n\n

Sonraki soru, bu miktar\u0131n fabrikan\u0131z\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131na uygun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Matematiksel olarak ekonomik g\u00f6r\u00fcnen bir parti, ortak kullan\u0131lan bir makinede ba\u015fka bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcretimini yine de geciktirebilir. SkyPlanner APS, se\u00e7ti\u011finiz miktarlar\u0131 malzeme, kapasite ve teslimat \u00f6ncelikleriyle birlikte ele al\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece her makinenin i\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 elle yeniden olu\u015fturmadan \u00e7izelge \u00fczerindeki etkileri de\u011ferlendirebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n

EPQ ile EOQ aras\u0131ndaki fark nedir?<\/h2>\n\n\n

Temel ekonomik sipari\u015f miktar\u0131 (EOQ) modeli, stok yenileme miktar\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n tek seferde kullan\u0131ma haz\u0131r oldu\u011funu varsayar. Teslimat geldi\u011finde stok bir anda artar, ard\u0131ndan t\u00fcketildik\u00e7e azal\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n

EPQ, bu anl\u0131k stok giri\u015finin yerine sonlu bir \u00fcretim h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 esas al\u0131r. \u00dcretim s\u00fcrerken \u00fcretilenlerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da t\u00fcketilir. Bu nedenle stok, \u00fcretim h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131 kadar de\u011fil, \u00fcretim h\u0131z\u0131 ile talep h\u0131z\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki fark kadar artar. Parti \u00fcretimi sona erdi\u011finde ise bir sonraki stok yenileme \u00e7evrimine kadar talep, biriken stoktan kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n

Bu \u00f6zellik, d\u00fczenli olarak \u00fcretilen ve kademeli bi\u00e7imde sto\u011fa ya da sonraki operasyona aktar\u0131labilen bile\u015fenler i\u00e7in EPQ’yu yararl\u0131 k\u0131lar. Bu ba\u011flamda ekonomik imalat miktar\u0131 veya ekonomik parti miktar\u0131 olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Temel EOQ modelinden belirleyici fark\u0131, yaln\u0131zca sipari\u015fin i\u00e7 veya d\u0131\u015f kaynakl\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 de\u011fil, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin kademeli olarak kullan\u0131ma haz\u0131r h\u00e2le gelmesidir.<\/p>\n\n\n

Ekonomik \u00fcretim miktar\u0131 form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/h2>\n\n\n

Y\u0131ll\u0131k talep ve y\u0131ll\u0131k stok bulundurma maliyetini kullanarak \u015fu \u015fekilde hesaplay\u0131n:<\/p>\n\n\n

EPQ = \u221a[2 \u00d7 D \u00d7 S \/ (H \u00d7 (1 \u2212 d\/p))]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

Sembol<\/th>Anlam\u0131<\/th>Burada kullan\u0131lan birim<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
D<\/td>Y\u0131ll\u0131k toplam talep<\/td>Adet\/y\u0131l<\/td><\/tr>
S<\/td>Bir \u00fcretim partisi i\u00e7in sabit haz\u0131rl\u0131k maliyeti<\/td>Para birimi\/parti<\/td><\/tr>
H<\/td>Bir adet \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc bir y\u0131l stokta bulundurma maliyeti<\/td>Para birimi\/adet\/y\u0131l<\/td><\/tr>
d<\/td>Talep veya t\u00fcketim h\u0131z\u0131<\/td>Adet\/i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc<\/td><\/tr>
p<\/td>\u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcretildi\u011fi s\u0131radaki \u00fcretim h\u0131z\u0131<\/td>Adet\/i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc<\/td><\/tr>
Q<\/td>Bir partide \u00fcretilen miktar<\/td>Adet<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n

Zaman birimlerini tutarl\u0131 kullan\u0131n.<\/strong> D ve H ayn\u0131 y\u0131ll\u0131k d\u00f6nemi esas al\u0131r; d ve p de birbirleriyle ayn\u0131 zaman biriminde ifade edilmelidir. \u00dcretim i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc ba\u015f\u0131na \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcyorsa d de\u011ferini bulmak i\u00e7in y\u0131ll\u0131k talebi takvim g\u00fcn\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131na de\u011fil, i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131na b\u00f6l\u00fcn.<\/p>\n\n\n

p i\u00e7in \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn fiilen \u00fcretildi\u011fi s\u0131radaki \u00fcretim h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131n. Makinenin ba\u015fka \u00fcr\u00fcnler \u00fcretti\u011fi haftalar\u0131 da kapsayan y\u0131ll\u0131k ortalama \u00fcretim h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 kullanmay\u0131n. Modelin ge\u00e7erli olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in p, d de\u011ferinden b\u00fcy\u00fck olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n

S bir s\u00fcre de\u011fil, maliyettir. Partideki \u00fcr\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak, \u00fcretime haz\u0131rl\u0131k i\u00e7in katlan\u0131lan sabit maliyeti ifade eder. H ise tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir stok bulundurma oran\u0131 de\u011fil, adet ba\u015f\u0131na y\u0131ll\u0131k parasal tutard\u0131r. Stok bulundurma maliyetini y\u00fczde olarak kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z ilgili birim de\u011feri ve maliyet tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 esas alarak parasal tutara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcn.<\/p>\n\n\n

Sonlu \u00fcretim h\u0131z\u0131 katsay\u0131s\u0131 neden \u00f6nemlidir?<\/h3>\n\n\n

Q adetlik bir partinin \u00fcretimi Q\/p i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00fcrer. Bu s\u00fcre boyunca talep devam etti\u011finden, en y\u00fcksek \u00e7evrim stoku seviyesi \u015f\u00f6yle hesaplan\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n

En y\u00fcksek stok = Q \u00d7 (1 \u2212 d\/p)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

Temel modelde ortalama \u00e7evrim stoku, bu en y\u00fcksek seviyenin yar\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla parti miktar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fen y\u0131ll\u0131k maliyetler \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n

Y\u0131ll\u0131k haz\u0131rl\u0131k maliyeti = (D\/Q) \u00d7 S<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

Y\u0131ll\u0131k stok bulundurma maliyeti = (Q\/2) \u00d7 (1 \u2212 d\/p) \u00d7 H<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

Bu iki maliyet topland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, de\u011ferlendirilen Q miktar\u0131 i\u00e7in ilgili y\u0131ll\u0131k maliyet elde edilir. EPQ bu toplam\u0131 en aza indirir. Hesaplanan optimum noktada bu iki maliyet birbirine e\u015fittir.<\/p>\n\n\n

Bu tutar, \u00fcreticinin y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00fcretim maliyetinin tamam\u0131 de\u011fildir. Miktarla de\u011fi\u015fmeyen birim \u00fcretim maliyeti, en uygun Q de\u011ferini etkilemedi\u011fi i\u00e7in bu kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131labilir. Miktar indirimleri, fazla mesai ek \u00f6demeleri veya miktara ba\u011fl\u0131 di\u011fer maliyetler ise problemi de\u011fi\u015ftirir.<\/p>\n\n\n

EPQ hesaplama \u00f6rne\u011fi: Parti miktar\u0131, en y\u00fcksek stok de\u011fildir<\/h2>\n\n\n

Azim Abbas ve Seyed Goosheh’in Operasyon Y\u00f6netiminin Temelleri<\/em> adl\u0131 eserindeki e\u011fitim ama\u00e7l\u0131 di\u015fli kutusu \u00f6rne\u011finde<\/a> \u015fu veriler kullan\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n